Slur

Words that target identity groups. Slurs carry the heaviest social penalties of any category of taboo language in contemporary English. Many have undergone or are undergoing reclamation efforts by the communities they target, a process that complicates simple classification.

22 entries

Chink

/tʃɪŋk/

Extreme

The slur is generally understood to derive from China, with the addition of the common English diminutive or clipping su...

Slur English · c. 1901

Cracker

/ˈkɹæk.əɹ/

Moderate

The origin is disputed. The most widely cited derivation traces the term to the Elizabethan English verb 'crack,' meanin...

Slur English · c. 1509

Cripple

/ˈkrɪpəl/

Strong

From Old English crypel ('one who creeps, a crippled person'), related to Old English crēopan ('to creep') and cognate w...

Slur Old English · c. 950

Dago

/ˈdeɪ.ɡoʊ/

Extreme

Derived from Diego, the common Spanish given name (itself from Latin Didacus, possibly from Greek didakhē, 'teaching'). ...

Slur Spanish · c. 1823

Dyke

/daɪk/

Strong

The etymological origin of this term remains uncertain and is the subject of ongoing scholarly debate. One theory derive...

Slur English (disputed) · c. 1942

Faggot

/ˈfæɡət/

Extreme

From Old French fagot ('bundle of sticks'), possibly from Italian fagotto, of uncertain ultimate origin. Some scholars h...

Slur Old French · c. 1300 (bundle); 1914 (anti-gay slur)

Gook

/ɡuːk/

Extreme

The etymology of this term is among the most disputed of any English-language slur, with multiple competing theories and...

Slur English (disputed; possibly Korean or Tagalog) · c. 1899

Honky

/ˈhɒŋ.ki/

Moderate

The origin is contested. The most frequently cited derivation traces the term to 'hunky,' a late 19th-century slur direc...

Slur English (disputed) · c. 1946

Kike

/kaɪk/

Extreme

The origin of this term is actively disputed among etymologists. One prominent theory traces it to the Yiddish diminutiv...

Slur Yiddish (disputed) · c. 1900

Nigger

/ˈnɪɡər/

Extreme

Derived from Spanish negro and Portuguese negro ('black'), themselves from Latin niger ('black, dark, swarthy'). The wor...

Slur Latin via Spanish/Portuguese · 1574

Peckerwood

/ˈpɛk.ər.wʊd/

Strong

An inversion of 'woodpecker,' with the transposition of the compound elements serving as a marker of African American ve...

Slur English · c. 1850s

Queer

/kwɪr/

Moderate

From German quer ('oblique, cross, at right angles'), entering Scots English in the early sixteenth century with the sen...

Slur German · c. 1513

Redneck

/ˈrɛd.nɛk/

Moderate

A compound of 'red' and 'neck,' referring to the sunburned necks of outdoor laborers, particularly agricultural workers ...

Slur English · 1830

Retard

/rɪˈtɑːrd/ (noun), /rɪˈtɑːrd/ (verb)

Extreme

From Latin retardare ('to make slow, to delay, to hinder'), composed of re- ('back') and tardare ('to slow'), from tardu...

Slur Latin · c. 1490 (verb); 1895 (clinical adjective); c. 1960s (pejorative noun)

Slag

/slæɡ/

Strong

From Middle Low German slagge, meaning 'waste matter from metal smelting,' cognate with Middle High German slacke and re...

Slur Middle Low German · 1552 (metallurgical); c. 1958 (pejorative)

Slut

/slʌt/

Strong

From Middle English 'slutte,' first attested in the late 14th century with the meaning of an untidy or slovenly woman. T...

Slur Middle English · c. 1402

Spade

/speɪd/

Extreme

The racial slur derives not from the Old English spadu ('digging tool'), but from the suit in playing cards, which enter...

Slur English (slur sense); Italian (card suit sense) · c. 1928

Spic

/spɪk/

Extreme

The etymology is contested, with several competing theories and no scholarly consensus. The most widely cited derivation...

Slur American English (disputed) · 1913 (as anti-Italian); 1920s (as anti-Hispanic)

Tranny

/ˈtræni/

Strong

A clipped form derived from 'transsexual' or 'transvestite,' both of which entered English from medical and psychiatric ...

Slur English · c. 1983

Wetback

/ˈwɛt.bæk/

Extreme

A compound of wet and back, referring literally to the physical condition of a person who has crossed the Rio Grande by ...

Slur English · c. 1920

Whore

/hɔːr/

Strong

From Old English hōre ('prostitute, adulteress'), from Proto-Germanic *hōrōn, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- ('to desir...

Slur Old English · c. 1100

Wop

/wɒp/

Extreme

The origin has been the subject of persistent popular misconception. The widely circulated claim that 'wop' is an acrony...

Slur Italian (most likely); English (folk etymology) · c. 1908